Climate change and drought plague the Countries in the Levant region. The mismanagement of water resources can contribute to the outburst of conflicts. The case of Syria offers food for thought.
The first meeting of the International Board of Med-Or Foundation discussed several issues and proposals. Among these, the launch of Med-Or’s Virtual Diplomatic and Leadership Academy for the Broader Mediterranean
How international scientific collaborations can help people fighting climate change, particularly in the Broader Mediterranean. An analysis by Silvia Camisasca
Capo di stato | Bashar al-Assad |
Capo del Governo | Hussein Arnous |
Forma Istituzionale | Unitary semi-presidential Ba'athist republic under a hereditary authoritarianism |
Capitale | Damascus |
Potere Legislativo | Unicameral People’s Assembly (250 members) |
Potere Giudiziario | Supreme Constitutional Court (the judges are elected every 4 years by the President); High Judicial Council; Court of Cassation; State Security Council |
Area Totale | 187.437 km2 |
Terra | 185.887 km2 |
Clima | Desert, hot, dry and sunny summers (June to August) and mild, rainy winters (December to February) along the coast. Cold with snow or sleet periodically in Damascus |
Risorse Naturali | Petroleum, phosphates, chromium and manganese ores, asphalt, iron ore, rock salt, marble, gypsum, hydropower |
Sintesi Economica | Socialism has been the official economic model since 1963. The Syrian economy has deeply deteriorated due to the ongoing conflict started in 2011, a decline of more than 70% from 2010 to 2017 |
Pil | $22.645 billion (Dec. 2021) |
Pil pro capite (Parità di potere di acquisto) | $ 1.436 (Dec. 2021) |
Esportazioni | $868 million (2020) |
Export partner | Turkey 27.2%, Saudi Arabia 22.4%, Lebanon 11.4%, Egypt 7.91%, UAE 5.35%, Jordan 4.99% (2020) |
Importazioni | $4.44 billion (2020) |
Import partner | Turkey 31.9%, China 18.8%, UAE 15%, Egypt 6.49%, India 2.78%, Lebanon 2.75% (2020) |
Trade With Italy | $ 75,78 million (2021) |
Popolazione | 21.563.800 (2022) |
Population Growth | +5.91% (2022) |
Etnie | Arabs 50%, Alawites 15%, Kurds 10%, Levantines 10%, others 15% (includes Druze, Ismailites, Imami, Nusairi, Assyrians, Turcomans, Armenians) |
Lingue | Arabic (official), Kurdish, Armenian, Turkish, Aramaic, Circassian, French, English |
Religione | Muslims 87% (includes Sunnis 74% and Alawites, Ismailis and Shiites 13%), Christians 9% (includes Orthodox, Uniates and Nestorians), Druze 3%, Jews (few remaining in Damascus and Aleppo) |
Urbanizzazione | 56,8% (2022) |
Alfabetizzazione | 86.4% |