Sudan
Sudan, whose independence dates back to 1956, is a state located in Northeastern Africa. The country borders to the north with Egypt and Libya, to the west with Chad, to the southwest with the Central African Republic, to the south with South Sudan, to the southeast with Ethiopia and to the east with Eritrea and the Red Sea. The population is about 48 million and the official languages are Arabic and English.
Once the largest country in Africa, after 2011 Sudan had to give up a big portion of its territory to the newly formed state of South Sudan. The secession of South Sudan deprived the country of three-quarters of its oil production, and the economy is experiencing difficulties.
Although trade volumes between Italy and Sudan remain low, in the last few years, Italy has had a highly positive trade balance and ranks second among the country’s main European trade partners, after Germany. As the economy is still largely focused on farming, agriculture is the sector in which there are the strongest relations between the two countries. Following the removal of US sanctions, many Italian companies have started seeing Sudan as a potentially interesting market.
Italy also contributes to various humanitarian initiatives, especially in the eastern regions of the country.
Since war broke out in Sudan, little attention has been paid to mediation efforts and their lack of progress in alleviating human suffering. The analysis by Chepkorir Sambu
The Med-Or Monthly Report for the month of April is now available online.
As the clashes continue in Sudan, it is increasingly necessary to find a solution for the sake of the People. An analysis by Akinyi Omondi
| Head of state | Abdel Fattah al-Burhan (Chairman of the Transitional Sovereignty Council) |
| Head of Government | Osman Hussein |
| Institutional Form | Federal provisional government |
| Capital | Khartoum |
| Legislative Power | Transitional Legislative Council |
| Judicial Power | National Supreme Court (70 judges divided in panels of 3 judges); Constitutional Court (9 judges) |
| Ambassador to Italy | Sayed Altayeb Ahmed |
| Total Area kmq | 1,886,068 km2 |
| Land | 1.731.671 km2 |
| Weather | Rainy in the south, dry in the central and northern part of the country. Sudan's rainy season lasts for about four months (June to September) in the north, and up to six months (May to October) in the south |
| Natural resources | oil, land and hydroelectric energy |
| Economic summary | The Sudanese economy suffers prolonged social conflict and the loss of 3/4 of its oil production due to the secession of South Sudan; the country struggles to stabilise its economy and offse the loss of foreign exchange earnings. It’s the world’s largest exporter of gum arabic, and it produces 75-80% of the world’s total production; about 80% of workforce is employed in agriculture. |
| GDP | $34.33 billion (Dec. 2021) |
| Pro-capite GDP (Purchasing power parity) | $3839 (Dec. 2021) |
| Exports | $4.03 billion (2020) |
| Export partner | UAE 46.1%, China 19%, India 6.3%, Saudi Arabia 5.98%, Italy 4.06% Egypt 3.55% (2020) |
| Imports | $8.58 billion (2020) |
| Import partner | China 29.3%, UAE 13.3%, India 12.2%, Saudi Arabia 7.51%, Egypt 5.51%, Russia 4.14% (2020) |
| Trade With Italy | $ 300 million (2021) |
| Population | 47.958.856 (2022) |
| Population Growth | 2,55% (2022 est.) |
| Ethnicities | Sudanese Arab 70%, Beja 5.5%, Nuba 2.5%, Fur 2%, Egyptian 1.2%, Fulani 0.5%, other 18.34% |
| Languages | Arabic and English (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, Fur |
| Religions | Sunni Islam, small Christian minority |
| Urbanization | 36% (2022) |
| Literacy | 60.7% |
Sudan, whose independence dates back to 1956, is a state located in Northeastern Africa. The country borders to the north with Egypt and Libya, to the west with Chad, to the southwest with the Central African Republic, to the south with South Sudan, to the southeast with Ethiopia and to the east with Eritrea and the Red Sea. The population is about 48 million and the official languages are Arabic and English.
Once the largest country in Africa, after 2011 Sudan had to give up a big portion of its territory to the newly formed state of South Sudan. The secession of South Sudan deprived the country of three-quarters of its oil production, and the economy is experiencing difficulties.
Although trade volumes between Italy and Sudan remain low, in the last few years, Italy has had a highly positive trade balance and ranks second among the country’s main European trade partners, after Germany. As the economy is still largely focused on farming, agriculture is the sector in which there are the strongest relations between the two countries. Following the removal of US sanctions, many Italian companies have started seeing Sudan as a potentially interesting market.
Italy also contributes to various humanitarian initiatives, especially in the eastern regions of the country.
